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Bodily injury under the Texas Penal Code is defined as physical pain, illness, or any impairment of physical condition. A severed artery fits squarely within this definition as it represents significant physical harm that can lead to serious medical consequences, such as loss of blood and potential life-threatening situations. This type of injury is clearly a tangible, physical harm that impacts the body's functioning.

In contrast, the other options do not meet the standard for "bodily injury" as outlined in the law. A broken bone, while indeed a serious physical injury, may not convey the same level of imminent danger as a severed artery. Emotional distress does not qualify as a bodily injury since it pertains to psychological harm rather than physical damage. Hair loss, while it may be distressing, typically does not signify an injury to the body and falls outside the definition of bodily injury under the Texas Penal Code. Thus, the correct choice highlights a form of injury that poses an immediate threat to physical health and well-being.