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In the Texas justice system, the primary responsibility for the prosecution of criminal cases lies with the district or county attorney. These attorneys are elected officials who represent the state in criminal prosecutions and are tasked with ensuring that justice is served by pursuing cases against individuals accused of committing crimes. Their role includes reviewing evidence, determining the appropriate charges, presenting cases in court, and negotiating plea deals.

The county judge, public defender, and chief of police have different functions within the justice system. The county judge oversees court proceedings and ensures that the legal process is followed, but they do not handle prosecutions. A public defender represents individuals accused of crimes who cannot afford private legal counsel, focusing on the defense rather than prosecution. The chief of police is responsible for law enforcement and maintaining public safety, but they do not prosecute cases. Thus, the district or county attorney plays a crucial role in the prosecution process.